Cemento compuesto de alta resistencia al sulfato de magnesio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2018.11316Palabras clave:
Composite, Cemento con adiciones, Cementos resistentes a los sulfatos, Ataque por sulfatos, Resistencia a la compresiónResumen
Este trabajo aborda el estudio de la resistencia al sulfato de magnesio de un cemento compuesto con base de escoria de fósforo activada químicamente (CAPSCC). Se prepararon muestras de mortero a partir de escoria de fósforo (80% en peso), cemento Portland tipo II (14% en peso) y activador químico (6% en peso) y tras el curado, se expusieron a una solución de sulfato de magnesio al 5%. También se prepararon morteros de cementos Portland de tipo II y V (PC2 y PC5) que se usaron con fines comparativos. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, después de 12 meses de exposición, PC2, PC5 y CAPSCC mostraron un 43.5, 35.2 y 25.2% de reducción en la resistencia a la compresión, 0.136, 0.110, y 0.026% de expansión en longitud, y 0.91, 2.2 y 1.78% de cambio en peso, respectivamente. Estudios complementarios por difracción de rayos X y microscopía electrónica de barrido revelaron que los cementos CAPSCC tienen un potencial muy bajo para la formación de productos de ataque de sulfato, especialmente etringita. Los resultados confirman una alta resistencia al sulfato de magnesio para CAPSCC en comparación con PC2 y PC5
Descargas
Citas
Hossain, M.M.; Karim, M.R.; Hossain, M.K.; Islam, M.N.; Zain M.F.M. (2015) Durability of mortar and concrete containing alkali-activated binder with pozzolans: A review. Constr. Build. Mater. 93, 95–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.094
Komljenovic, M.; Ba?carevic, Z.; Marjanovic, N.; Nikolic, V. (2013) External sulfate attack on alkali-activated slag. Constr. Build. Mater. 49, 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.013
Ramyar, K.; Inan, G. (2007) Sodium sulfate attack on plain and blended cements. Build. Environ. 42, 1368–1372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.11.015
Aydın, S.; Yazıcı, H.; Yigiter, H.; Baradan, B. (2007) Sulfuric acid resistance of high-volume fly ash concrete. Build. Environ. 42 [2], 717–721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.024
Girardi, F.; Vaona, W.; Di Maggio, R. (2010) Resistance of different types of concretes to cyclic sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate attack. Cem. Concr. Compos. 32, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.07.002
Bassuoni, M.T.; Nehdi, M.L. (2007) Resistance of self-consolidating concrete to sulfuric acid attack with consecutive pH reduction. Cem. Concr. Res. 37 [7], 1070–1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.04.014
Bakharev, T.; Sanjayan, J.G.; Cheng, Y.B. (2002) Sulfate attack on alkali-activated slag concrete. Cem. Concr. Res. 32 [2], 211–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00659-7
Xu, A.; Shayan, A.; Baburamani, P. (1998) Test methods for sulfate resistance of concrete and mechanism of sulphate attack. ARRB transport research Ltd.
Naik, N.N.; Jupe, A.C.; Stock, S.R.; Wilkinson, A.P.; Lee, P.L.; Kurtis, K.E. (2006) Multi-mode X-ray study of sodium and magnesium sulfate attack on Portland cement paste. JCPDS-International Centre for Diffraction Data, 63–72.
Veiga, K.K.; Gastaldini, A.L.G. (2012) Sulfate attack on a white Portland cement with activated slag. Constr. Build. Mater. 34, 494–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.090
Hekal, E.E.; Kishar, E.; Mostafa, H. (2002) Magnesium sulfate attack on hardened blended cement pastes under different circumstances. Cem. Concr. Res. 32 [9], 1421– 1427. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00801-3
Park, Y.S.; Suh, J.K.; Lee, J.H.; Shin, Y.S. (1999) Strength deterioration of high strength concrete in sulfate environment. Cem. Concr. Res. 29 [9], 1397–1402. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00106-4
Prasad, J.; Jain, D.K.; Ahuja, A.K. (2006) Factors influencing the sulphate resistance of cement concrete and mortar. Asian J. Civil Eng. (Building and Housing) 7 [3], 259–268.
Nehdi, M.; Hayek, M. (2005) Behavior of blended cement mortars exposed to sulfate solutions cycling in relative humidity. Cem. Concr. Res. 35 [4], 731–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.032
Bonen, D.; Cohen, M.D. (1992) Magnesium sulfate attack on Portland cement paste-I. Microstructural analysis. Cem. Concr. Res. 22 [1], 169–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(92)90147-N
Skalny, J.; Marchand, J. (2002) Sulfate attack on concrete. Taylor & Francis e-Library, New York.
Lukowski, P.; Salih, A. (2015) Durability of mortars containing ground granulated blast-furnace slag in acid and sulphate environment. Procedia Eng. 108, 47–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.06.118
Hassan, A.; Mahmud, H.B.; Jumaat, M.Z.; Alsubari, B.; Abdulla, A.I. (2013) Effect of magnesium sulphate on self-compacting concrete containing supplementary cementitious materials. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/232371
Merida, A.; Kharchi, F. (2015) Pozzolan concrete durability on sulphate attack. Procedia Eng. 114, 832–837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.035
Bonen, D.; Cohen, M.D. (1992) Magnesium sulfate attack on Portland cement paste: II. Chemical and mineralogical analyses. Cem. Concr. Res. 22 [4], 707–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(92)90023-O
Amin, M.M.; Jamaludin, S.B.; Pa, F.C.; Chuen K.K. (2008) Effect of magnesium sulfate attack on ordinary Portland cement mortars. Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta 26, 235–242. https://doi.org/10.4152/pea.200802235
Santhanam, M.; Cohen, M.D.; Olek, J. (2002) Mechanism of sulfate attack: a fresh look part 1. Summary of experimental results. Cem. Concr. Res. 32 [6], 915–921. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00724-X
Santhanam, M.; Cohen, M.D.; Olek, J. (2001) Sulfate attack research-whither now?. Cem. Concr. Res. 31 [6], 845–851. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00510-5
Aye, T.; Oguchi, C.T. (2011) Resistance of plain and blended cement mortars exposed to severe sulfate attacks. Constr. Build. Mater. 25 [6], 2988–2996. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.106
Samanta, C.; Chatterjee, M.K. (1982) Sulfate resistance of portland-pozzolanic cements in relation to strength. Cem. Concr. Res. 12 [6], 726–734. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(82)90035-7
Duda, A. (1987) Aspects of the sulfate resistance of steelwork slag cements. Cem. Concr. Res. 17 [3], 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(87)90001-9
Torii, K.; Kawamura, M. (1994) Effects of fly ash and silica fume on the resistance of mortar to sulfuric acid and sulfate attack. Cem. Concr. Res. 24 [2], 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(94)90063-9
Gollop, R.S.; Taylor, H.F.W. (1996) Microstructural and microanalytical studies of sulfate attack. V. Comparison of different slag blends. Cem. Concr. Res. 26 [7], 1029–1044. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(96)00090-7
Al-Amoudi, O.S.B. (1998) Sulfate attack and reinforcement corrosion in plain and blended cements exposed to sulphate environments. Build. Environ. 33 [1], 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(97)00022-X
Zeli?, J.; Krstulovi?, R.; Tkal?ec, E.; Krolo, P. (1999) Durability of the hydrated limestone-silica fume Portland cement mortars under sulphate attack. Cem. Concr. Res. 29 [6], 819–826.
Aköz, F.; Türker, F.; Koral, S.; Yuzer, N. (1999) Effects of raised temperature of sulfate solutions on the sulphate resistance of mortars with and without silica fume. Cem. Concr. Res. 29 [4], 537–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(98)00251-8
Lee, S.T.; Moon, H.Y.; Swamy, R.N. (2005) Sulfate attack and role of silica fume in resisting strength loss. Cem. Concr. Compos. 27 [1], 65–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2003.11.003
Diab, A.M.; Awad, A.E.M.; Elyamany, H.E.; Abd Elmoaty, A.E.M. (2012) Guidelines in compressive strength assessment of concrete modified with silica fume due to magnesium sulfate attack. Constr. Build. Mater. 36, 311–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.075
Sezer, G.?. (2012) Compressive strength and sulfate resistance of limestone and/or silica fume mortars. Constr. Build. Mater. 26 [1], 613–618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.06.064
Biricik, H.; Aköz, F.; Türker, F.; Berktay I. (2000) Resistance to magnesium sulfate and sodium sulphate attack of mortars containing wheat straw ash. Cem. Concr. Res. 30 [8], 1189–1197. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00314-8
Chatveera, B.; Lertwattanaruk, P. (2009) Evaluation of sulfate resistance of cement mortars containing black rice husk ash. J. Environ. Manage. 90 [3], 1435–1441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.09.001 PMid:19008031
Chindaprasirt, P.; Paisitsrisawat, P.; Rattanasak, U. (2014) Strength and resistance to sulfate and sulfuric acid of ground fluidized bed combustion fly ash–silica fume alkali-activated composite. Adv. Powder Technol. 25 [3], 1087–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2014.02.007
Nehdi, M.L.; Suleiman, A.R.; Soliman, A.M. (2014) Investigation of concrete exposed to dual sulfate attack. Cem. Concr. Res. 64, 42–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.06.002
Saca, N.; Georgescu, M. (2014) Behavior of ternary blended cements containing limestone filler and fly ash in magnesium sulfate solution at low temperature. Constr. Build. Mater. 71: 246–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.037
Yusuf, M.O. (2015) Performance of slag blended alkaline activated palm oil fuel ash mortar in sulfate environments. Constr. Build. Mater. 98: 417–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.012
Xia, C.; Li, Z.; Kunhe, F. (2009) Anti-crack performance of phosphorous slag concrete. Wuhan Uni. J. Nat. Sci. 14 [1], 080–086.
Xia, C.; Kunhe, F.; Huaquan, Y.; Peng, H. (2011) Hydration kinetics of phosphorous slag-cement paste. Wuhan Uni. J. Technol-Mater. 26 [1], 142–146.
Allahverdi, A.; Mahinroosta, M. (2013) Mechanical activation of chemically activated high phosphorous slag content cement. Powder Technol. 245, 182–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2013.04.037
Allahverdi, A.; Pilehvar, S.; Mahinroosta, M. (2016) Influence of curing conditions on the mechanical and physical properties of chemically-activated phosphorous slag cement. Powder Technol. 288: 132–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.10.053
Allahverdi, A.; BahriRashtAbadi, M.M. (2014) Resistance of chemically activated high phosphorous slag content cement against frost-salt attack. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 98, 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2013.11.001
Sokkary, T.M.; Assal, H.H.; Kandeel, A.M. (2004) Effect of silica fume or granulated slag on sulphate attack of ordinary portland and alumina cement blend. Ceram. Int. 30 [2], 133–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-8842(03)00025-7
Allahverdi, A.; Saffari, M. (2011) Chemical activation of phosphorous slag with a solid compound activator. Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Non- Traditional cements and Concretes 27–30 June, Brno, Czech Republic, 573–580.
Allahverdi, A.; Rahmani, A. (2009) Chemical activation of natural pozzolan with a solid compound activator. Cement Wapno Beton. 4, 205–213.
Al-Dulaijan, S.U. (2007) Sulfate resistance of plain and blended cements exposed to magnesium sulphate solutions. Constr. Build. Mater. 21, 1792–1802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.017
Dong-xu, L.; Lin, C. (2002) A blended cement containing blast furnace slag and phosphorous slag. J. Wuhan Uni. Technol–Mater. Sci. Ed. 17 [2], 62–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02832625
Damons, R.E., Petersen, F.W. (2002) An aspen model for the treatment of acid mine water. The European J. Mineral Processing Environ. Protection 2 [2], 69–81.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2018 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
© CSIC. Los originales publicados en las ediciones impresa y electrónica de esta Revista son propiedad del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, siendo necesario citar la procedencia en cualquier reproducción parcial o total.
Salvo indicación contraria, todos los contenidos de la edición electrónica se distribuyen bajo una licencia de uso y distribución “Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional ” (CC BY 4.0). Consulte la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia. Esta circunstancia ha de hacerse constar expresamente de esta forma cuando sea necesario.
No se autoriza el depósito en repositorios, páginas web personales o similares de cualquier otra versión distinta a la publicada por el editor.