Acción externa acelerada de sulfatos y cloruros en el estudio de la corrosión del acero en tracción en el hormigón armado

M. A. G. Silva; M. P. Cunha; A. Pinho-Ramos; B. Sena da Fonseca; F. F. S. Pinho

doi:10.3989/mc.2017.10116

Autores/as

M. A. G. Silva Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0379-9642
M. P. Cunha Instituto Universitário da Maia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5889-5543
A. Pinho-Ramos Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-4991
B. Sena da Fonseca Centro de Química Estrutural-CQE, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2166-0430
F. F. S. Pinho CERIS, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0344-1867

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2017.10116

Palabras clave:

Acero, Hormigón, Ataque por sulfatos, Durabilidad, Corrosión

Resumen

La corrosión de la armadura de acero de refuerzo puede causar una disminución de la resistencia de las estructuras de hormigón armado. Este estudio se centra en la aceleración artificial de tal corrosión examinando la degradación (i) de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón debida al sulfato de sodio en medio húmedo; y (ii) de la resistencia a flexión causada por una solución de sulfato de sodio y cloruro de sodio. Se han utilizado tres clases de hormigón y vigas con refuerzo de diferentes diámetros (6, 8, 10 mm); algunas de las vigas fueron pre-fisuradas. El hormigón con menor resistencia permitió mayor penetración de los sulfatos y la resistencia a compresión aumentó, posiblemente debido a la menor porosidad después de la contaminación. Los ensayos de flexión mostraron que la resistencia decrecía en todos los casos. Las vigas pre-fisuradas mostraron menor influencia de la porosidad. Las vigas armadas con barras de 6 mm de diámetro tuvieron mayor pérdida de resistencia..

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