Use of fly ash and phosphogypsum for the synthesis of belite-sulfoaluminate clinker

S. Kramar; L. Žibret; E. Fidanchevska; V. Jovanov; B. Angjusheva; V. Ducman

doi:10.3989/mc.2019.11617

Authors

S. Kramar Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-9623
L. Žibret Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-0896
E. Fidanchevska Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-5916
V. Jovanov Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7734-0757
B. Angjusheva Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6661-1777
V. Ducman Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-3305

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.11617

Keywords:

Clinker, Microstructure, Fly ash, Gypsum, Calcium sulphoaluminate

Abstract

Fly ash and phosphogypsum were used as Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) by-products for the synthesis of belite-sulfoaluminate clinkers. The influence of raw mixture composition and firing temperature was investigated. Clinkers and cements were examined by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The compressive strength of the cements was determined after 28 days. Clinker phases identified included ye’elimite, ß-phase of belite, ternesite and gehlenite, while the main hydration product of the cement pastes was ettringite. The results showed that belite-sulfoaluminate cements can be fabricated with a compressive strength of 45.9 N/mm² by firing the raw mixture (70 wt.% marl, 10 wt.% bauxite and 20 wt.% phosphogypsum) at a temperature of 1320°C/1h.

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