Manufacture of ceramics with high mechanical properties from red mud and granite waste

I. Gonzalez-Triviño; J. Pascual-Cosp; B. Moreno; M. Benítez-Guerrero

doi:10.3989/mc.2019.03818

Autores/as

I. Gonzalez-Triviño Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-2425
J. Pascual-Cosp Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-5957
B. Moreno Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-7981
M. Benítez-Guerrero Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-5636

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.03818

Palabras clave:

Cerámica, Caracterización, Resistencia a la flexión, Propiedades mecánicas, Microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB)

Resumen

El residuo de bauxita (lodo rojo) es una suspensión alcalina generada durante el proceso Bayer de producción de alúmina. La elevada producción anual e inventario global determinan su valorización. El granito puede usarse como fuente de óxidos fundentes para la industria cerámica y del mismo modo, el residuo en esquirlas generadas durante el flameado del granito. En este trabajo, se preparan una serie de piezas a partir de lodo rojo y residuo de granito, caracterizadas mediante difracción de rayos X, dureza, microscopía electrónica de barrido y lixiviación, determinando porosidad abierta, absorción de agua, densidad y resistencia a la flexión de las muestras. Las principales fases cristalinas en los productos fabricados a alta temperatura son hematita, pseudobrookita y anortita; la presencia de magnetita revela su carácter ferrimagnético. Todas las muestras presentan elevadas propiedades mecánicas. Los resultados del análisis de lixiviados están por debajo de los niveles críticos establecidos en normativa.

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Citas

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