Manufacture of ceramics with high mechanical properties from red mud and granite waste

I. Gonzalez-Triviño; J. Pascual-Cosp; B. Moreno; M. Benítez-Guerrero

doi:10.3989/mc.2019.03818

Authors

I. Gonzalez-Triviño Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-2425
J. Pascual-Cosp Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-5957
B. Moreno Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7453-7981
M. Benítez-Guerrero Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, de Materiales y Fabricación, Universidad de Málaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-5636

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2019.03818

Keywords:

Ceramic, Characterisation, Flexural strength, Mechanical properties, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Abstract

Red mud (bauxite residue) is an alkaline suspension that is the by-product of alumina production via the Bayer process. Its elevated annual production and the global inventory of red mud determine its valorisation. Granite can be used as a source of fluxing oxides for the ceramic industry, as can the flake-shaped waste generated during the flaming of granite. In this work, a set of ceramic pieces made of red mud and granite waste are prepared and characterised via X-ray diffraction, a hardness test, electron scanning microscopy, a leaching test, and determining open porosity, water absorption, bulk density and flexural strength of the samples. The main crystalline phases in the high-temperature fired products are hematite, pseudobrookite and anorthite; the presence of magnetite reveals their ferrimagnetic character. All samples present high mechanical properties. Leaching results are below critical levels established by regulations.

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