TriDes – una nueva herramienta para el diseño, desarrollo y evaluación no destructiva de aceros avanzados de construcción
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2016.09815Palabras clave:
Acero, Propiedades mecánicas, Propiedades físicas, Caracterización, MicroestructuraResumen
El diseño y desarrollo de acero avanzado requiere establecer una combinación óptima de resistencia mecánica, resistencia a la degradación por hidrógeno y la durabilidad, entre otras. Sin embargo, las herramientas disponibles para evaluar experimentalmente algunas de estas propiedades son limitadas. Por lo tanto se creó una nueva herramienta, llamada TriDes. Esta técnica está basada en un principio físico distinto de los que se usan en las técnicas establecidas y combina la caracterización de hidrógeno en el acero en y la caracterización mecánica y/o tribológica. La técnica es portatil lo que permite determinar concentración local de hidrógeno con alta resolución espacial durante todo el ciclo de vida de elementos fabricados en acero y además evaluar la dureza y resistencia al desgaste del acero. Se ha investigado la capacidad de la técnica para el desarrollo de aceros para aplicaciones en gasoductos y construcciones marinas.
Descargas
Citas
Robertson, I.; Sofronis, P.; Nagao, A.; Martin, M.L.; Wang, S.; Gross, D.W.; Nygren, K.E. (2015) Hydrogen Embrittlement Understood. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 46 [6], 2323-2341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2836-1
Hirth, J. (1980) Effects of hydrogen on the properties of iron and steel. Metall. Trans. A 11 [6], 861-890. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02654700
Cwiek, J. (2009) Hydrogen degradation of high-strength steels. J. Achievments Mater. Manuf. Eng. 37, 193-212.
Nakamura, S.-i.; Suzumura, K. (2009) Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion fatigue of corroded bridge wires. J. Constr. Steel Res. 65 [2], 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2008.03.022
Ettouney, M.M.; Alampalli, S. (2011) Infrastructure Health in Civil Engineering: Applications and Management, Boca Raton, CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b11174
Ganz, H.R. (2012) Effect of zinc on prestressing steel, Lausanne, FIB.
Kim, S.; Chun, Y.; Won, S.; Kim, Y.; Lee, C. (2013) Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of 430 and 445NF Ferritic Stainless Steels. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44 [3], 1331-1339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1265-7
Jin, S.; Gayle, N.V.; Chen, C.T.; Lichamer, J.R.; Ghilarducci, C. (1980) Humidity-induced hydrogen embrittlement in an Fe-Cr-Co magnet alloy. Metall. Trans. A 11 [5], 854-856. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02661218
Bond, G.M.; Robertson, I.M.; Birnbaum, H.K. (1988) Effects of hydrogen on deformation and fracture processes in high-ourity aluminium. Acta Metall. 36 [8], 2193-2197. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(88)90320-3
Michler, T.; Naumann, J. (2010) Microstructural aspects upon hydrogen environment embrittlement of various bcc steels. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35 [2], 821-832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.092
Wang, M.; Tasan, C.C.; Koyama, M.; Ponge, D.; Raabe, D. (2015) Enhancing Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of Lath Martensite by Introducing Nano-Films of Interlath Austenite. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 46 [9], 3797-3802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-3009-y
Elices, M.; Ruiz, J.; Atienza, J.M. (2004) Influence of residual stresses on hydrogen embrittlement of cold drawn wires. Mater. Struct. 37 [5], 305-310. https://doi.org/10.1617/14028
Toribio, J.; Kharin, V. (2006) Effect of residual stressstrain profiles on hydrogen-induced fracture of prestressing steel wires. Mater. Sci. 42 [2], 263-271. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-006-0079-4
Sanchez, J.; Fullea, J.; Andrade, C.; de Andres, P.L. (2008) Hydrogen in alpha -iron: Stress and diffusion. Phys. Rev. B 78 [1], 014113. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.014113
Palma Carrasco, J.; Silva Diniz, D.; Andrade Barbosa, J.M.; Almeida Silva, A. (2012) Numerical modeling of hydrogen diffusion in structural steels under cathodic overprotection and its effects on fatigue crack propagation. Materialwiss. Werkstofftech. 43 [5], 392- 398. https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.201200971
Berger, H.; Polichar, R.; Rowe, W.J. (1987) Corrosion Detection by Real-Time Neutron Imaging, in Neutron Radiography, J. Barton, et al., Editors. Springer Netherlands. p. 563-570. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3871-7_69
Castellote, M.; Fullea, J.; de Viedma, P.G.; Andrade, C.; Alonso, C.; Llorente, I.; Turrillas, X.; Campo, J.; Schweitzer, J.S.; Spillane, T.; Livingston, R.A.; Rolfs, C.; Becker, H.W. (2007) Hydrogen embrittlement of high-strength steel submitted to slow strain rate testin g studied by nuclear resonance reaction analysis and neutron diffraction. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 259 [2], 975-983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.03.084
Awane, T.; Fukushima, Y.; Matsuo, T.; Matsuoka, S.; Murakami, Y.; Miwa, S. (2011) Highly Sensitive Detection of Net Hydrogen Charged into Austenitic Stainless Steel with Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 83 [7], 2667-2676. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac103100b PMid:21401058
Mil man, Y.; Nykyforchyn, H.; Hrinkevych, K.; Tsyrul nyk, O.; Tkachenko, I.; Voloshyn, V.; Mordel, L. (2012) Assessment of the In-Service Degradation of Pipeline Steel by Destructive and Nondestructive Methods. Mater. Sci. 47 [5], 583-589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-012-9431-z
Virmani, Y.P.; Clemena, G.G. (1998) Corrosion protection - concrete bridges, U.S: Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Virginia.
Spencer, B.F.; Ruiz-Sandoval, M.E.; Kurata, N. (2004) Smart sensing technology: opportunities and challenges. Struct. Control Health Monit. 11 [4], 349-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.48
Nevshupa, R.; Roman, E.; Konovalov, P.; de Segovia, J.L. (2008) New method to determine gas content in materials. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 100, 072030. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/100/7/072030
Nevshupa, R.; Cruz, K.; Martinez, I.; Ramos, S.; Llorente, I.; Roman, E. (2016) Triboemission of gases from iron and construction steel: The effect of surface conditions.
Nevshupa, R.A.; Roman, E.; de Segovia, J.L. (2013) Contamination of vacuum environment due to gas emission stimulated by friction. Tribol. Int. 59, 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2012.07.009
?epa, P. (1992) Mechanically induced desorption. Vacuum 43 [5–7], 367–371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ 0042-207X(92)90039-Y.
Nevshupa, R.A.; Roman, E.; de Segovia, J.L. (2008) Origin of hydrogen desorption during friction of stainless steel by alumina in ultrahigh vacuum. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 26 [5], 1218–1223. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.2968682
Nevshupa, R.; Ares, J.R.; Fernández, J.F.; del Campo, A.; Roman, E. (2015) Tribochemical Decomposition of Light Ionic Hydrides at Room Temperature. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6 [14], 2780–2785. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00998 PMid:26266863
Nevshupa, R.A.; Roman, E.; de Segovia, J.L. (2010) Model of the effect of local frictional heating on the tribodesorbed gases from metals in ultra-high vacuum. Int. J. Mater. Prod. Technol. 38 [1], 57–65. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMPT.2010.031895
Nevshupa, R. (2009) The role of athermal mechanisms in the activation of tribodesorption and triboluminisence in miniature and lightly loaded friction units. J. Frict. Wear 30 [2], 118–126. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068366609020081
Frisch, B.; Thiele, W.-r. (1984) The tribologically induced effect of hydrogen effusion and penetration in steels. Wear 95 [2], 213–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(84)90119-4
Peressadko, A.G.; Nevshupa, R.A.; Deulin, E.A. (2002) Mechanically stimulated outgassing from ball bearings in vacuum. Vacuum 64 [3–4], 451–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(01)00335-9
Rusanov, A.; Nevshupa, R.; Fontaine, J.; Martin, J.-M.; Le Mogne, T.; Elinson, V.; Lyamin, A.; Roman, E. (2015) Probing the tribochemical degradation of hydrogenated amorphous carbon using mechanically stimulated gas emission spectroscopy. Carbon 81, 788–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2014.10.026
Rusanov, A.; Nevshupa, R.; Martin, J.-M.; Garrido, M.Á.; Roman, E. (2015) Tribochemistry of hydrogenated amorphous carbon through analysis of Mechanically Stimulated Gas Emission. Diamond Relat. Mater. 55, 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2015.02.007
Merzlikin, S.V.; Mingers, A.M.; Kurz, D.; Hassel, A.W. (2014) An electrochemical calibration unit for hydrogen analysers. Talanta 125, 257–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.008 PMid:24840442
Grinkevich, K. (2003) Some postulates of the structural dynamic concept of the tribosystem and their practical implementation. J. Frict. Wear 24 [3], 344–350. http://www.nasb.gov.by/eng/publications/trenie/tre24_3.php.
Roman, E.; Nevshupa, R.; de Segovia, J.L.; Konovalov, P.I.; Menshikov, I.P. (2007) Method and apparatus for analysis of gas content in solids and surface coatings. Patent WO2007ES70216 20071220, 23.02.2007
Nevchoupa, R.A.; De Segovia, J.L.; Deulin, E.A. (1999) An UHV system to study gassing and outgassing of metals under friction. Vacuum 52 [1–2], 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(98)00209-7
Gabetta, G.; Nykyforchyn, H.M.; Lunarska, E.; Zonta, P.P.; Tsyrulnyk, O.T.; Nikiforov, K.; Hredil, M.I.; Petryna, D.Y.; Vuherer, T. (2008) In-service degradation of gas trunk pipeline X52 steel. Mater. Sci. 44 [1], 104–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-008-9049-3
Bockris, J.O.M.; Subramanyan, P.K. (1971) Hydrogen Embrittlement and Hydrogen Traps. J. Electrochem. Soc. 118 [7], 1114–1119. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2408257
Zuo, X.; Zhou, Z. (2015) Study of Pipeline Steels with Acicular Ferrite Microstructure and Ferrite-bainite Dual-phase Microstructure. Mater. Res. 18, 36–41. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-1439.256813
Tsyrul'nyk, O.T.; Nykyforchyn, H.M.; Zvirko, O.I.; Petryna, D.Y. (2004) Embrittlement of the steel of an oil-trunk pipeline. Mater. Sci. 40 [2], 302–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-005-0018-9
Mil'man, Y.V.; Grinkevich, K.E.; Mordel, L.V. (2014) Energy concept of hardness for instrumented indentation. Russ. Metall. (Metally) 2014 [4], 256–262. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0036029514040089
Capelle, J.; Dmytrakh, I.; Azari, Z.; Pluvinage, G. (2013) Evaluation of electrochemical hydrogen absorption in welded pipe with steel API X52. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38 [33], 14356–14363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.08.118
Deulin, E.A.; Nevshupa, R.A. (1999) Deuterium penetration into the bulk of a steel ball of a ball bearing due to its rotation in vacuum. Appl. Surf. Sci. 144–145, 283–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-4332(98)00811-3
Deulin, E.A.; Goncharov, S.A.; de Segovia, J.L.; Nevshupa, R.A. (2000) Mechanically stimulated solution of adsorbed hydrogen and deuterium in steel. Surf. Interface Anal. 30 [1], 635–637. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-9918(200008)30:1<635::AID-SIA855>3.0.CO;2-W
Nykyforchyn, H.; Lunarska, E.; Tsyrulnyk, O.T.; Nikiforov, K.; Genarro, M.E.; Gabetta, G. (2010) Environmentally assisted "in-bulk" steel degradation of long term service gas trunkline. Eng. Failure Anal. 17 [3], 624–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2009.04.007
Det Norske Veritas AS (2013) Offshore mooring chain. Standard DNV-OS-E302.
Nevshupa, R.A.; de Segovia, J.L.; Deulin, E.A. (1999) Outgassing of stainless steel during sliding friction in ultra-high vacuum. Vacuum 53 [1–2], 295–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(98)00366-2
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2016 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
© CSIC. Los originales publicados en las ediciones impresa y electrónica de esta Revista son propiedad del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, siendo necesario citar la procedencia en cualquier reproducción parcial o total.
Salvo indicación contraria, todos los contenidos de la edición electrónica se distribuyen bajo una licencia de uso y distribución “Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional ” (CC BY 4.0). Consulte la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia. Esta circunstancia ha de hacerse constar expresamente de esta forma cuando sea necesario.
No se autoriza el depósito en repositorios, páginas web personales o similares de cualquier otra versión distinta a la publicada por el editor.