Preliminary study on the upcycle of non-structural construction and demolition waste for waste cleaning

P. Chen; X. Chen; Y. Wang; P. Wang

doi:10.3989/mc.2020.13819

Autores/as

P. Chen School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology - Hefei Construction Engineering Group Co. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-617X
X. Chen School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6451-0283
Y. Wang School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8935-5956
P. Wang School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7229-6061

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2020.13819

Palabras clave:

Hormigón, Metales pesados, Tratamiento de residuos, Adsorción, Caracterización

Resumen

Este estudio propone un método para convertir residuos de construcción y demolición no estructurales, ricos en calcio y pulverulentos, en adsorbentes de iones de metales pesados mezclándolos con una solución de hidrógenofosfato de diamonio para generar hidroxiapatita, la cual presenta una elevada área superficial y una excelente capacidad de intercambio iónico de iones de metales pesados. De este modo, un residuo contaminante se convierte en un material que limpia el medio ambiente. Se seleccionó residuo en forma de masilla en polvo como residuo representativo para investigar en detalle los procesos de formación de hidroxiapatita y los parámetros clave implicados en la reacción. Los resultados mostraron que la hidroxiapatita se puede producir en las partículas de los residuos empleados. La producción y la cristalinidad de la hidroxiapatita se ve favorecida por temperaturas de envejecimiento elevadas y prolongadas. Los ensayos de adsorción confirmaron que el Ni²⁺ puede sustituir al Ca²⁺ en la estructura de la hidroxiapatita, formándose un nuevo mineral, arupita (Ni₃(PO₄)₂•8H₂O), y contribuyendo a una adsorción modesta de Ni²⁺ (15 mg/g) por parte de la masilla de residuos con hidroxiapatita.

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