Valorization of phosphate by-products to produce acidic geopolymers

S.  En-naji; S.  Chhaiba; S.  Mabroum; R. Hakkou; I. Garcia Lodeiro

doi:10.3989/mc.2024.390924

Autores/as

S. En-naji Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Faculty of Science and Technology, IMED-Lab https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4860-7442
S. Chhaiba Eduardo Torroja Institute (IETcc-CSIC), Department of Materials https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0856-1358
S. Mabroum Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Faculty of Science and Technology, IMED-Lab https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-8412
R. Hakkou Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Faculty of Science and Technology, IMED-Lab https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3423-7738
I. Garcia Lodeiro Eduardo Torroja Institute (IETcc-CSIC), Department of Materials https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1778-1651

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2024.390924

Palabras clave:

Geopolímeros, Minas de fosfato, Ácido fosfórico, Arcilla roja

Resumen

En el presente estudio se evalúa la posibilidad de emplear un subproducto de minas de fosfato, tales como la arcilla roja, como precursor a la hora de elaborar geopolímeros ácidos, empleando como activador, ácido fosfórico H₃PO₄ (5M y 8M). Considerando la composición quimica del precursor de partida (la arcilla roja), se empleó como corrector de aluminio, aluminato sódico (NaAlO₂). Con el fin de aumentar la reactividad de la arcilla, esta se activó térmicamente a 900°C durante 2 horas. Con los materiales anteriormente mencionados (la arcilla deshidroxilada y el H₃PO₄) se prepararon pastas se caracterizaron desde el punto de vista mecánico (resistencias a compresión), microestructural (BSEM/EDX y Porosimetia de Intrusión de Mercurio), mineralógico (DRX y FTIR) y nanoestructural (²⁷Al, ²⁹Si y ³¹P NMR-MAS). Los resultados obtenidos manifiestan que el tipo de productos de reacción generados depende en gran medida de la composición química del precursor y de las condiciones de activación ácidas. Además, la incorporación de aluminato sódico mejora las resistencias mecánicas en los sistemas activados con 8M H₃PO₄.

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