Directional-sequenced magnetic pulses: a novel method to improve the alignment index of steel fibers through homogeneous magnetic fields in cementitious composites

Nelson Flores Medina; L.  Trigo Ramírez; V. Pérez Villar; V.M.  Cabrera García; F.  Gil Carrillo

doi:10.3989/mc.2025.396424

Autores/as

Nelson Flores Medina Departamento de Construcción Arquitectónica, Campus Universitario de Tafira https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-4653
L. Trigo Ramírez Departamento de Construcción Arquitectónica, Campus Universitario de Tafira https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3632-8226
V. Pérez Villar Departamento de Construcción Arquitectónica, Campus Universitario de Tafira https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-1581
V.M. Cabrera García Departamento de Construcción Arquitectónica, Campus Universitario de Tafira https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8203-3169
F. Gil Carrillo Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas y su control, Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8464-3980

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2025.396424

Palabras clave:

Alineamiento de fibras de acero, Compuestos cementosos, Eficiencia mecánica de las fibras, Estadísticas direccionales

Resumen

Los pulsos magnéticos en secuencias direccionales como método consiguen un mejor índice de alineación de las fibras de acero de refuerzo en hormigón empleando el mismo dispositivo y campo magnético. Los ángulos óptimos para aplicar el campo magnético se obtienen mediante el análisis de la rotación angular de las fibras para un campo magnético determinado y la tensión de fluencia (T0) de la matriz. El método se ha estudiado para tres fibras comerciales, comúnmente utilizadas como refuerzo en compuestos cementicios, en un fluido transparente con una T0 similar a otros materiales cementicios. La eficiencia del método se determina mediante estadísticas direccionales, estableciendo el índice de alineación y el factor de eficiencia mecánica del material compuesto. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una mejora en la homogeneidad angular de las fibras, en el índice de alineación y en el factor de eficiencia que el uso de un campo magnético en una sola dirección.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Yoo DY, Banthia N. 2016. Mechanical properties of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete: A review. Cem. Concr. Compos. 73:267-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.08.001

Martinie L, Rossi P, Roussel N. 2010. Rheology of fiber reinforced cementitious materials: classification and prediction. Cem. Concr. Res. 40(2):226-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.032

Martinie L, Roussel N. 2011. Simple tools for fiber orientation prediction in industrial practice. Cem. Concr. Res. 41(10):993-1000. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.05.008

Li L, Wei YJ, Li Z, Farooqi MU. 2022. Rheological and viscoelastic characterizations of fly ash/slag/silica fume-based geopolymer. J. Clean. Prod. 354:131629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131629

Hajforoush M, Kheyroddin A, Rezaifar O. 2020. Investigation of engineering properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete exposed to homogeneous magnetic field. Constr. Build. Mater. 252:119064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119064

Abavisani I, Rezaifar O, Kheyroddin A. 2018. Alternating magnetic field effect on fine-aggregate steel chip-reinforced concrete properties. J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 30(6):04018097. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002267

Javahershenas F, Sohrabi Gilani M, Hajforoush M. 2021. Effect of magnetic field exposure time on mechanical and microstructure properties of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC). J. Build. Eng. 35:101975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101975

da Silva Brito I, Strauss Rambo DA, Martini S, Salvador RP, de Menezes Freitas MF. 2021. Flexural behavior of HPFRCC: Enhancing post-crack strength and toughness by magnetic alignment of the reinforcement. Constr. Build. Mater. 269:121265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121265

Wijffels MJH, Wolfs RJM, Suiker ASJ, Salet TAM. 2017. Magnetic orientation of steel fibres in self-compacting concrete beams: Effect on failure behaviour. Cem. Concr. Compos. 80:342-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.04.005

Wang X, Xu B, Mu R, Qing L, Liu Y, Chen X, Chen J, Lei Z. 2023. Flexural properties of a 2D-distributed steel fiber reinforced cement-based composite two-way slab. J. Build. Eng. 73:106792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106792

Cao G, Li Z, Jiang S, Tan Y, Li Z, Long S, Tong Z. 2022. Experimental analysis and numerical simulation of flow behavior of fresh steel fibre reinforced concrete in magnetic field. Constr. Build. Mater. 347:128505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128505

Carrera K, Künzel K, Konrad P, Mara M, Kheml P, Papež V, Savjak R. 2023. The effect of magnetic field parameters on fibre orientation in high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete. Mech. Mater. 177:104534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2022.104534

Coussot P. 2005. Rheometry of Pastes suspensions and granular materials: Applications in Industry. New York: J Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471720577

Pérez Villar V, Flores Medina N. 2018. Alignment of hooked-end fibres in matrices with similar rheological behaviour to cementitious composites through homogeneous magnetic fields. Constr. Build. Mater. 163:256-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.084

Kheml P, Carrera K, Künzel K, Papež V, Sovják R. 2022. Summary of findings on magnetic orientation of fibers in cement composites. Mater. Today Proc. 58:1104-1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.201

Mu R, Diao C, Liu H, Wu H, Qing L, Zhao S, Li L. 2021. Design, preparation and mechanical properties of full-field aligned steel fiber reinforced cementitious composite. Constr. Build. Mater. 272:121631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121631

Pérez Villar V, Flores Medina N, Alonso MM, Gismera Diez S, Puertas F. 2019. Assessment of parameters governing the steel fiber alignment in fresh cement-based composites. Constr. Build. Mater. 207:548-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.036

Chen J, Wang J, Jin WL. 2016. Study of magnetically driven concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 121:53-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.152

Jaworski Z, Spychaj T, Story A, Story G. 2021. Carbomer microgels as model yield-stress fluids. Rev. Chem. Eng. 38(7):881-919. https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2020-0016

Hernández MJ, Pellicer J, Delegido J, Dolz M. 1998. Rheological characterization of easy-to-disperse (etd) carbopol hydrogels. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 19(1):31-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932699808913159

Shyshko S, Mechtcherine V. 2013. Developing a Discrete Element Model for simulating fresh concrete: Experimental investigation and modelling of interactions between discrete aggregate particles with fine mortar between them. Constr. Build. Mater. 47:601-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.071

Spangenberg J, Roussel N, Hattel JH, Stang H, Skocek J, Geiker MR. 2012. Flow induced particle migration in fresh concrete: Theoretical frame, numerical simulations and experimental results on model fluids. Cem. Concr. Res. 42(4):633-641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.01.007

Kelessidis V, Hatzistamou V. 2011. Preparation Methodology and Rheological Properties of Yield Pseudoplastic Transparent Fluids. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 32(3):380-388. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691003662399

Künzel K, Papež V, Carrera K, Konrád P, Mára M, Kheml P, Sovják R. 2021. Electromagnetic properties of steel fibres for use in cementitious composites, fibre detection and non-destructive testing. Materials. 14(9):2131. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14092131 PMid:33922255 PMCid:PMC8122764

Fisher NI. 1993. Statistical analysis of circular data. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511564345

Pérez Villar V, Flores Medina N, Trigo Ramírez L. 2024. Correlation through directional statistics of the consequences of magnetic alignment of steel fibers immersed in metaphor fluids of cementitious matrices. Constr. Build. Mater. 444:137714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.137714

Krenchel H. 1975. Fibre spacing and specific fibre surface. In: RILEM Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Cement and Concrete. Pags. 69-79.

Harris B. 1999. Engineering composite materials. New York: Taylor and Francis.

Mu R, Dong R, Liu H, Chen H, Cheng Q, Fan C. 2021. Preparation of aligned steel-fiber-reinforced concrete using a magnetic field created by the assembly of magnetic pieces. Crystals. 11(7):837. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070837

Mu R, Xue Y, Qing L, Li H, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Su J. 2019. Preparation and mechanical performance of annularly aligned steel fiber reinforced cement-based composite pipes. Constr. Build. Mater. 211:167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.146

Du J, Meng W, Khayat KH, Bao Y, Guo P, Lyu Z, Abu-obeidah A, Nassif H, Wang H. 2021. New development of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC). Compos. Part B Eng. 224:109220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109220

Banthia N, Sappakittipakorn M. 2007. Toughness enhancement in steel fiber reinforced concrete through fiber hybridization. Cem. Concr. Res. 37:1366-1372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.05.005

Meng W, Valipour M, Khayat K. 2017. Optimization and performance of cost-effective ultra-high performance concrete. Mater. Struct. 50:29. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-016-0896-3

Wille K, Kim DJ, Naaman AE. 2011. Strain-hardening UHP-FRC with low fiber contents. Mater. Struct. 44:583-598. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-010-9650-4

Yoo DY, Kim S, Park GJ, Park JJ, Kim SW. 2017. Effects of fiber shape, aspect ratio, and volume fraction on flexural behavior of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites. Compos. Struct. 174:375-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.04.069

Xu J, Yin T, Wang Y, Liu L. 2021. Anisotropic electrical and piezoresistive sensing properties of cement-based sensors with aligned carbon fibers. Cem. Concr. Compos. 116:103873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103873

Liu L, Xu J, Yin T, Wang Y, Chu H. 2021. Improved conductivity and piezoresistive properties of Ni-CNTs cement-based composites under magnetic field. Cem. Concr. Compos. 121:104089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104089