Impact of ZnO and TiO₂ on C-S-H composition and its correlation with antifungal properties in cement pastes

F, Amor; H.  Agourrame; Z.  Racova; N.  Khachani; P.  Hajek

doi:10.3989/mc.2026.414925

Autores/as

F, Amor Laboratory of Applied Materials Chemistry, Center of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, (Rabat, Morocco), Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-4652
H. Agourrame Laboratory of Applied Materials Chemistry, Center of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8794-0702
Z. Racova Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-5769
N. Khachani Laboratory of Applied Materials Chemistry, Center of Materials Science, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5041-0081
P. Hajek Department of Building Structures, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-9306

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2026.414925

Palabras clave:

Nanopartículas, ZnO, TiO2, Antifúngico, Hidratación del cemento, C-S-H, Relación Ca/Si

Resumen

Este estudio presenta un cemento autolimpiante con nanopartículas de óxido de zinc y dióxido de titanio, usadas solas o combinadas. El objetivo es desarrollar materiales de alto rendimiento que inhiban el crecimiento de hongos y aporten propiedades autolimpiantes. Se evaluó además el efecto de estas nanopartículas en la mineralogía y la estructura del gel C-S-H. Empleando estas nanopartículas como sustitutos parciales del cemento (0–3 % en peso), las pastas se caracterizaron tras 28 días de hidratación mediante XRD, XRF, DSC y TG para analizar la reactividad y la relación Ca/Si del gel C-S-H. También se propone un método alternativo para determinar de forma indirecta la relación Ca/Si del gel en cementos a través de tres enfoques. Las superficies antimicrobianas se ensayaron contra Penicillium brevicompactum, Trichoderma reesei y Aspergillus niger en agar Czapek-Dox. Los resultados confirman que la incorporación de TiO₂ y ZnO genera superficies resistentes a hongos, favoreciendo higiene y sostenibilidad en la construcción.

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